在我国，中、低压母线短路故障中，重点设备和人员伤害主要由电弧光引起，然而，我国的大多数中低压母线没有设置快速母线保护，而只是采用了简单的消弧装置和变压器后备保护。这些保护智能化较低，动作速度慢，往往会延长故障切除时间，从而进一步扩大设备损坏程度，甚至会引起“火烧连营”的恶性事故，冲击变压器一次运行，影响整个电网的安全运行。
弧光保护系统是我公司根据国内实际情况，吸收国外电弧光保护的特点，结合行业检测及保护配置相关规程，自主研发出具有独特创新技术、具有广泛实用性、高可靠性的新型电弧光保护系统。采用弧光检测和过电流检测双判据原理，具有保护动作速度快、可靠性高等特点。
引起开关柜弧光短路故障的原因很多，一般分为以下五类。
1）绝缘故障：主要是柜中绝缘材料爬距不足，未满足加强绝缘要求，在脏污环境，天气潮湿下发生绝缘故障。另外，由于绝缘材料材质缺陷，运行年限较长的开关柜，在强电磁场作用下绝缘老化，也可能造成绝缘损坏而导致故障。
2）载流回路不良：由于一些接头截面不够，紧固螺栓松动，手车柜触头接触不良，在大电流流过时引起发热，冒火进而引起相间，相对地击穿等等。
3）外来物体的进入：如小动物（老鼠等）进入开关柜内部，或维修人员在工作完成后将工具遗留在开关柜内。
4）认为操作错误：如走错间隔，误操作，未对工作区域进行接地，未对工作区域进行验电等。
5）系统方面的原因：如系统容量增大，接地方式改变，电缆应用增多，保护及自控装置配置不当，系统谐振过电压等。
开关柜内的发生短路弧光的功率可高达100MW，电弧燃烧所产生的能量与电弧的燃烧时间及短路电流变化值呈指数倍增长（如下图所示），燃烧产生的高温、高压将会逐步摧毁元器件、铜排以及成列的开关柜，高明亮的弧光和有毒气体对人体也有巨大的伤害。
要保证设备不受结构性损伤，必须尽量缩短切除时间。
以下为国外资料介绍的各种燃弧时间长短和对设备造成的损坏程度的评估：
电弧光保护系统，可以起到以下作用：
The Arc protection system functions as follows:
1） 减少或降低电弧光对于人体的伤害；
1) Reduce or decrease the harms of Arc to human body;
2） 减少或降低电弧光短路故障对于设备的损害；
2) Reduce or decrease the damage of Arc short circuit fault to the equipment;
3） 避免变压器因近距离母线故障造成动稳定破坏，延长变压器的使用寿命；
3) Avoid the dynamic stability damage caused by the close range busbar fault of transformer and extend the service life of the transformer;
4） 缩短电弧光故障切除时间，避免波及站内直流系统造成重大损失；
4) Shorten the Arc fault clearing time to avoid significant losses caused by the DC system in the station;
5） 减少因电弧光故障造成设备停运的时间，更快地恢复供电；
5) Reduce the equipment shutdown time caused by the Arc fault and restore the power more quickly;
1） 电力变电站
1) Power substation
2） 常规电气段开关柜
2) Switch cabinet of conventional electrical section power plant
3）风电场升压站集电线路开关柜
3) Collector line switchgear of booster station of wind farm
4）箱式变电站
4) Box substation
1）．动作迅速可靠：
1）. Rapid and reliable motion:
采用了可靠的快速算法，可以在短时间内判断弧光变化信号和电流变化信号并迅速出口，从发现故障到出口跳闸时间间隔优于10ms，确保开关柜内设备的弧光在75ms以内切除。
By adopting the reliable fast algorithm, the Arc and current change signals can be judged and rapidly sent to the outlet in a short time. The time interval from discovering the fault to tripping at the outlet is shorter than 10ms so as to ensure that the Arc in the switchgear can be removed within 75ms.
2）．全数字化设计：
2）. Complete digital design:
本装置采用全数字化设计，配置灵活，动作精度高，而且排除了由于旋钮或其他机械设计导致的误差隐患。
The device adopts complete digital design which is characterized by flexible configuration and high motion precision and excludes the hidden trouble of errors caused by the knob or other mechanical design.
3）．原理简单
3）.Simple principle
根据弧光产生时的特点，装置采用弧光和电流双重判据，判据简单且可以有效的保证动作的准确性。
The device adopts the double criterion of Arc and current according to the characteristics when the Arc is generated. The criteria are simple and can effectively ensure the accuracy of motion.
4）．强大的电气性能：
4）. Strong electrical performance:
弧光探头设计、连接线等全部采用耐高温、阻燃的高分子材料，具有超强的电气隔离效果。装置完全满足EMC的标准，保证了弧光保护系统的整体稳定性和动作的可靠性。
The Arc probe and connecting wire are made from heat-resistant and flame-retardant polymer materials which have superior electrical isolation effect. The device completely meets the EMC standard and ensures the overall stability of the Arc protection system as well as motion reliability.
5）．故障信息记录全面
5）. Comprehensive record of fault information
在故障弧光发生并引起装置跳闸后，主控单元或馈线保护单元可以准确的记录弧光探头检测到故障弧光的位置信息，且可以详细记录动作时刻的三相电流值。
After fault Arc occurs and causes tripping, the main control unit or feeder protection unit can record the location information of the fault Arc detected by the Arc probe accurately and record the three-phase current value at the moment of motion in details.
弧光保护系统主要由主控单元、弧光采集单元和弧光传感器组成，为了适应现场的应用需求，分为了母线型弧光保护系统和馈线型弧光保护系统。
The Arc protection system is mainly composed of the main control unit, the Arc acquisition unit and the Arc sensor. In order to meet the field application requirements, it is divided into bus Arc protection system and feeder Arc protection system.
2.2.1 主控单元
2.2.1 Main control unit
主控单元是母线型弧光保护系统的核心。它检测分析故障信号、接收分析采集单元的弧光故障信号，并对两种信号进行综合分析判断。在满足跳闸条件时，发出跳闸指令以切除故障。主控单元一般安装在进线柜或紧邻进线柜的开关柜的二次控制门板上。
The main control unit is the core of the bus Arc protection system. It detects and analyzes the fault signal, receives and analyzes the Arc fault signal of the acquisition unit, and makes the comprehensive analysis and judgment of the two signals. When the tripping condition is satisfied, it issues the trip instruction to remove the fault.The main control unit is usually installed on the secondary control panel of the access cabinet or the switch cabinet near the access cabinet.
主控单元具备如下特点：
The main control unit has the following characteristics:
1）48个弧光信号检测接口，用于接收来自弧光传感器的弧光故障信号；
1) There are 48 Arc signal detection interfaces that are used to receive Arc fault signals from Arc sensors.
2）2个数据通讯接口，1路RS485，1路以太网；
2) There are 2 data communication interfaces, 1-route RS485, 1-route Ethernet.
3）4路快速跳闸输出接口，符合IEC255-23继电器标准。
3) There are 4-route fast tripping output interfaces that conform to the IEC255-23 relay standard.
4）2路报警出口，其中一路为装置故障出口。
4) There are 2 alarm outlets, one of which is the device fault outlet
5）12路电流输入，检测4组三相电流信号，用于判断故障电流。
5) There are 12-route current input that detects 4 groups of three-phase current signals and judges the fault current.
2.2.2 弧光传感器
2.2.2 Arc sensor
弧光传感器中的探头安装在柜内各间隔中，可实现由简单到复杂、有选择性的保护。弧光探头作为光感应元件，在发生弧光故障时检测突然增加的光强。
The probe in the Arc sensor is installed in each interval of the cabinet, which can realize the selective protection from simple to complex. The Arc sensor is used as a light sensing element to detect sudden increase of light intensity when Arc failure occurs.
光纤式弧光传感器，前置探头采集弧光信号中的特有光谱信息，并通过专用光纤将光信号传送给弧光采集单元或主控单元，弧光单元或主控单元完成光信号的分析处理与采集。
The pre-probe of optical fiber type Arc sensor collects the special spectral information of Arc signal, and transmits the optical signal to the Arc acquisition unit or the main control unit through the special optical fiber, and the Arc unit or the main control unit completes the analysis, processing and acquisition of the optical signal.
本系统具有以下技术特点：
The system has the following technical characteristics:
1）满足所有电磁兼容（EMC）标准；
1) It satisfies all electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards;
2） 符合中国继电保护设计标准要求；
2) It conforms to the requirements of China's relay protection design standards;
3） 采用过流及弧光双重判据，可靠性高；
3) It adopts the double criterion of over-current and Arc, with high reliability.
4） 新型光纤连接传输，光电转换在装置内完成，抗电磁干扰能力强；
4) It is connected and transmits with new optical fiber, and photoelectric conversion is completed in the device, with strong electromagnetic interference resistance;
5） 采用过滤干扰光的新型弧光传感器，具有过滤干扰光的功能，避免可见光传感器受环境光照影响引起误动；
5) It adopts a new type of Arc sensor to filter the interference light to filter the interference light, and avoid the visible light sensor mal-operation caused by the influence of ambient light.
6）出口跳闸时间小于10ms，远快于传统的母线保护，对开关柜的内部弧光故障总切除时间可以控制在75ms以内；
6) Outlet tripping time is less than 10ms, which is much faster than traditional bus protection. The total removal time of internal Arc faults of switch cabinet can be controlled within 75ms.
7）全汉字(英文)显示，操作习惯和传统数字式保护完全一致；
7) It is displayed with full Chinese（English）characters, and operation habits are identical with traditional digital protection.
8) The logic of trip exit is programmable.
主控单元采用全封闭4U 1/2标准机箱，嵌入式安装于屏(柜)上。插件为后插导轨式，插紧后上下有锁紧螺丝。机箱安装开孔尺寸图如下:
The main control unit adopts the fully enclosed 4U 1/2 standard case, and is mounted on the screen (cabinet). The plug-in is a rear-insert guide rail with tight screws up and down. The size of the mounting holes is as follows:
江苏省南京市江宁区中科路7号垠坤STAR605A
189 1478 8688
189 1478 8688
